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Success Criterion · WCAG 4.1.1

Parsing

In content implemented using markup languages, elements have complete start and end tags, elements are nested according to their specifications, elements do not contain duplicate attributes, and any IDs are unique, except where the specifications allow these features. Note: This criterion is obsolete and always considered to pass in WCAG 2.2.

Level AWCAG 2.0Robust4.1 · Compatible

Success criterion

What WCAG 4.1.1 requires

Summarized directly from the official Understanding document so teams can quote the requirement accurately.

All non-text content that is presented to users must expose an equivalent text-based alternative unless a documented exception applies.

View Understanding 4.1.1 Open QuickRef techniques

Overview

Use this space to describe how your product interprets this success criterion, list ownership, and capture implementation decisions for future audits.

Reference: All summaries and highlights originate from Understanding WCAG 4.1.1 and the W3C quick reference.

Read the Understanding doc View sufficient techniques

Fast facts

Conformance level: Level A
WCAG version introduced: WCAG 2.0
Principle: Robust
Guideline: 4.1 · Compatible

Implementation checklist

Capture progress and blockers

Document how this criterion impacts your product and note any exceptions.
Describe the user experience goal in plain language for designers and engineers.
List the components, templates, or workflows that must meet this requirement.
Capture manual and automated testing steps for future audits.

Testing ideas

Prove conformance with evidence

Pair automated linting with human review to verify visual, auditory, or temporal aspects.
Use assistive technology walkthroughs (screen reader, keyboard, switch, voice) to validate behavior.
Capture screenshots or recordings that demonstrate pass/fail conditions.